Determination of Masses of Mercury and Venus from Observations of Five Minor Planets

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Planets And Satellites: Individual: Mercury: Venus, Minor Planets: Asteroids

Scientific paper

We collected 1985 astrometric observations of the five minor planets: (1566) Icarus, (1620) Geographos, (1862) Apollo, (2101) Adonis and (2212) Hephaistos. The asteroids can closely approach Mercury and Venus. The observations cover the time interval from 1930 for Apollo up to 1995 for Adonis. Equations of motion of the asteroids have been integrated by the recurrent power series including all the planetary perturbations, perturbations caused by the four biggest minor planets and relativistic effects. Joining all the observational equations for the five asteroids we created a set of thirty two normal equations to determine by the least squares method thirty corrections to orbital elements of the five asteroids along with two corrections to the planetary masses. Thus we found the following values of the reciprocal masses for Mercury and Venus in the solar unit mass: m_M^{-1}=6019522 pm 9964, m_V^{-1}=408522.85 pm 8.80.

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