Detection of Long-Term Temperature Changes in the Stratosphere and Mesosphere

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[0300] Atmospheric Composition And Structure, [1616] Global Change / Climate Variability, [1640] Global Change / Remote Sensing, [3305] Atmospheric Processes / Climate Change And Variability

Scientific paper

Over the past five decades, temporal and spatial changes in the Earth's Stratosphere and Mesosphere have been documented by measurements by numerous rocket/satellite borne and groundbased in-situ and remote sensing instruments. These datasets have allowed us to gain physical insights into processes that control the observed changes through high-fidelity physics-based first-principle models. These processes, although being complex because of their mutual coupling nature, they, however, can generally be attributed to two distinct origins: the Sun above and the human below. NASA'S Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere, Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) mission, over the past eight and half years, has provided an excellent quantitative description of the upper atmosphere variabilities. Its observations, covering near an entire solar cycle, along with other worldwide network of groundbased and satellite observations of the stratosphere/mesosphere/thermosphere/ ionosphere system have transformed our understanding of this gateway region of near-Earth space by successfully characterizing its physics, dynamics, energetics, composition and thermal structures in the context of solar induced variabilities. It is clear that without measurements in at least one or more solar cycle, it is impossible to separate out the relative effects of solar driving, inter-annual lower atmosphere variability, and the long-term human-induced changes. Combining measurements covering several solar cycles are clearly needed. However, these measurements have generally been taken by different sensors on different platforms using different sensing techniques. In this paper, we will present nearly three decades of stratospheric and mesospheric temperature measurements from LIMS, HALOE/UARS, MLS/UARS, SABER/TIMED, COSMIC, CHAMP, MLS/Aura, and assess their measurement qualities for decadal-scale temperature change studies. The systematic measurement biases among these datasets will be documented, and corrected to investigate long-term stratospheric and mesospheric temperature changes.

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