Detection of comet nuclei at large heliocentric distances

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Comet Nuclei, Dark Matter, Solar Orbits, Space Observations (From Earth), Astrometry, Brightness, Magnitude, Orbital Elements, Perihelions

Scientific paper

The largest long-period comets which have passed perihelion during the past half-century should still be observable. Fourteen candidate comets with well-determined orbits are presented, including data on their absolute magnitudes, distances, and predicted positions in the sky. Detection of these comets would provide: (1) absolute magnitudes and diameters for a significant number of large long-period comets uncontaminated by outgassing; (2) improved orbital elements for these comets; (3) a dynamical probe of 'dark matter' in the outer planetary system, whether comet disk, an inner core of the Oort cloud or 'Planet X'; and (4) a sample of distant comets suitable for monitoring short-term brightness variations such as those observed in Chiron and P/Halley.

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