Other
Scientific paper
Dec 2007
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2007agufmsa33b1324y&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2007, abstract #SA33B-1324
Other
2415 Equatorial Ionosphere, 2439 Ionospheric Irregularities, 2494 Instruments And Techniques
Scientific paper
The so-called "150-km echoes" observed in the daytime equatorial ionosphere have been least understood for more than 40 years. They were studied with the Jicamarca VHF radar for the most part and also observed by other radars installed in the equatorial regions. Recently, 150-km echoes were observed with the Gadanki MST radar in India (6.3° dip latitude), which is the first observation outside the equatorial electrojet belt [ Patra et al., 2006]. Therefore, it is important to investigate the latitudinal variation of 150-km echoes for further understanding. The 47-MHz Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR) in West Sumatra, Indonesia (0.20°S, 100.32°E, - 10.14° dip latitude) has the unique capability of rapid beam scanning on a pulse-to-pulse basis. We conducted an experiment for 150-km echoes with EAR in August 2007, and detected clear necklace-shape echoes between 145~km and 160~km altitude successfully. This is the first evidence that 150-km echoes exist 10° away from the dip equator. We used three radar beams with azimuth angles of 165°, 180° and 195° and zenith angles were set to be perpendicular to the geomagnetic field (21°-22°). By synthesizing Doppler velocities from three directions, we can estimate vertical and zonal drift velocities on the plane perpendicular to the geomagnetic field. The vertical and westward velocities are 5-20~m~s-1 and 20- 50~m~s-1, respectively, which resemble typical 150-km echoes observed by the Jicamarca radar. Further observation with the EAR will shed light on the generation mechanism of these echoes.
Hysell Dave L.
Otsuka Yoichi
Patra Amit Kumar
Yamamoto Masayoshi
Yokoyama Tadashi
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