Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Jun 1983
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1983sciam.248...96r&link_type=abstract
Scientific American (ISSN 0036-8733), vol. 248, June 1983, p. 96-106, 108.
Mathematics
Logic
7
Dark Matter, Galactic Nuclei, Galactic Rotation, Mass Distribution, Spiral Galaxies, Doppler Effect, Emission Spectra, Galactic Mass, Galactic Structure, Kepler Laws, Luminosity, Velocity Distribution
Scientific paper
Studies of the rotational-velocity distribution in 60 spiral galaxies of morphological types Sa, Sb, and Sc and of different luminosities are reported and analyzed in terms of galactic mass/luminosity distribution and its implications for the expansion of the universe. Spectrographic images obtained with a photomultiplier tube on sensitized plates during 3-hour observations at the 4-m telescopes at Kitt Peak National Observatory and Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory were examined for Doppler-shift evidence of rotational velocity distribution across the visible disk of each galaxy. It was found that rotational velocity increases with radial distance from the galaxy center, a phenomenon best explained by a non-luminous spherical halo of matter extending beyond the visible galactic disk. This hypothesis can be seen as consistent with recent observations of the Milky Way, of AO 136-0801 (a faint galaxy consisting of a disk surrounded by a ring), and of pairs of galaxies. It is considered possible that such invisible galactic halos contain enough mass to increase the mass/luminosity ratio of the universe to near the 700 solar units theoretically necessary to brake the expansion of, or 'close', the universe.
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