Dark Matter Distribution in A2218 from Gravitational Lensing

Computer Science

Scientific paper

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Hst Proposal Id #7343 Clusters Of Galaxies

Scientific paper

We propose an extensive photometric survey of the galaxies lying behind the exceptional gravitational lens cluster A2218. The distortion of these images has been mapped from the ground, and shows one of the strongest signals to date, but the signal to noise is still limited. Using real WFPC2 images we show that with 2 orbits on each of 22 fields covering the cluster we will obtain approximately 10000 galaxies over a region extending to 0.9 Mpc/h from the cluster center. This is a much higher surface density of objects than is feasible from the ground and the shapes of these intrinsically small galaxies will be much better measured. This data will allow us to reconstruct the projected mass density to larger radii and with much greater precision and spatial resolution than hitherto possible ---- allowing detailed measurement of the profile and substructure in the dark matter. We will test the hypothesis arising from numerical simulations that dark matter halos follow a `universal profile'. Finally, the high signal- to-noise total mass estimate made will be compared with improved X-ray data, with the goal of comparing the methods and probing the dynamical state of the cluster. Furthermore, the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect has been measured in A2218 -- the high S/N mass maps made here will be used in conjunction with the S-Z map and X-ray data for constraining the Hubble constant.

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