Crust-mantle structure in continental South America and its relation to sea floor spreading

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Earth Crust, Earth Mantle, Earth Planetary Structure, Ocean Bottom, South America, Africa, Atlantic Ocean, Propagation Velocity, Seismic Waves, Surface Waves, Wave Dispersion

Scientific paper

Phase and group velocities were determined for Rayleigh and Love type surface waves for different propagation paths which were confined to the South America Continent east of the Andes. Data indicate that this entire region is laterally uniform and structurally similar to other shields, at least to a depth of approximately 400 km. Additional geophysical evidence reveals that the upper mantle shield structure is significantly different from the ocean type mantle structure; thus the South American shield area may be characterized by the lack of low velocity layer (or at least a pronounced one) for S waves, high Q (specific dissipation function), low heat flow values, and high electrical resistivity. The observed surface wave dispersion clearly indicates a structural difference between the South American continent and the South Atlantic ocean. The similarity of South African and South American surface wave dispersion indicates the structured similarity of the two areas.

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