Coordinated Remote Sounding and Local Measurements of Water Vapour in the Middle Atmosphere

Computer Science – Sound

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0340 Middle Atmosphere: Composition And Chemistry, 0341 Middle Atmosphere: Constituent Transport And Chemistry (3334), 1655 Water Cycles (1836), 3332 Mesospheric Dynamics

Scientific paper

A complete snapshot of the water vapour distribution from the tropopause to the mesopause has been obtained from simultaneous in-situ rocket and balloon measurements conducted from Esrange on the morning of December 16, 2001 within the Odin validation programme. An active optical technique based on the dissociation of water molecules by Lyman alpha radiation generated by an on-board multicapillary Ly-alpha lamp and the subsequent detection of the optical emission from the resulting electronically excited OH radical produced outside the rocket shock front was used by the rocket borne payload Hygrosonde-II. A similar instrument was carried on the stratospheric SKERRIES balloon. A continuous vertical water vapour profile extending from 8 km to about 80 km has been compiled from the combined up- and downleg rocket measurement and the balloon sounding. Meteorological rockets (falling spheres) provided by NASA were flown before and after the Hygrosonde-II and SKERRIES flights to provide temperature, density and wind profiles in the upper stratosphere and mesosphere. Additional information on the density profile is available from the Rayleigh lidar at Esrange operated by Bonn University. The lidar provides a mean state profile in the stratosphere and mesosphere up to 95 km altitude for the Hygrosonde-II campaign period as well as profiles before and after the rocket and balloon flights. Meteorological data for the stratospheric analysis have also been obtained from the ECMWF analysis. An analysis of the obtained distribution of middle atmospheric water relates its details to the large-scale motions and the dynamics of the region (Khaplanov et al., Middle Atmospheric Water Vapour and Dynamics During the Hygrosonde-2 Campaign, 16th ESA-PAC Symposium, 2003). At the time of the Hygrosonde-II measurements the Odin satellite was configured in aeronomy mode and provided continuous water measurements using sub-mm limb sounding. A comparison of these remotely sensed measurements during Odin passes over Esrange with the local Hygrosonde-II/SKERRIES measurements will be presented.

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