Computer Science
Scientific paper
Sep 1986
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1986e%26psl..79..319h&link_type=abstract
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 79, Issue 3-4, p. 319-328.
Computer Science
20
Scientific paper
Experiments have been carried out on the cooling and crystallization along an inclined plane of aqueous solutions of Na2CO3 in order to investigate convective effects and the development of compositional zonation. The formation of crystals of Na2CO3.10H20 causes adjacent fluid to become relatively light because it is depleted in Na2CO3. When crystallization occurs at an inclined roof the behaviour is similar to previous results for crystallization and the release of light fluid at a vertical boundary. A compositional boundary layer of light residual fluid flows along the sloping roof and forms an upper region of strong chemical stratification. This gradient region increases in depth with time and is separated by a sharp interface from a region of homogeneous solution below. Eventually the whole depth of fluid becomes chemically stratified. When crystallization occurs along an inclined floor thin plumes of light residual fluid rise vertically from the slope with strong compositional boundary layer flows up the slope. The combination of this boundary flow and the horizontal variation in the length of the plumes leads to development of compositional stratification throughout the solution. A steep gradient develops at the top which grades down into a weaker gradient in the central and lower region. The shape and magnitude of the chemical gradients depend on the geometry of the tank adjacent to the slope. Stronger compositional gradients are developed in tanks with larger ratios of width to depth. The experiments suggest that compositional zoning can develop in magma chambers by crystallization along an inclined floor even if the angle is quite small. Differentiated residual magma should move laterally up the slope and margins to accumulate at the roof. We suggest that this process was the main cause of strong compositional zoning in the sill-shaped Hyllingen Series, part of the Caledonian Fongen-Hyllingen layered intrusion, Norway, where crystallization occurred entirely along an inclined floor.
Hallworth Mark A.
Huppert Herbert E.
Sparks James
Stephen R.
Wilson Richard J.
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