Compression of ice VII to 500 kbar

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Compression Loads, Ice, Isothermal Processes, Phase Transformations, Planetary Composition, X Ray Diffraction, Astronomical Models, Equations Of State, Refractivity, Solid State

Scientific paper

The isothermal compression of ice VII up to 500 kbar is studied at 23 + or - 2 C by high-pressure X-ray diffraction techniques using a diamond-anvil cell in order to provide information about water and its high-pressure solid modifications, which are important constituents of the outer planets and their satellites. Results show that water transforms to ice VI at 9.3 + or - 0.3 kbar, and ice VI transforms to ice VII at 20.8 + or - 0.5 kbar, while no other phase is observed up to 500 kbar. By fitting the compression data to the Birch equation of state, it is found that the isothermal bulk modulus at zero pressure is equal to 240 + or - 9 kbar and the first pressure derivative at zero pressure is equal to 4.5, while the volume for ice VII extrapolated to zero pressure is 0.704 + or - 0.003 cu cm/g. In addition, it was observed that the index of refraction for ice VII is the same as ruby at the pressure interval 350-400 kbar, and it becomes greater than ruby above these pressures.

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