Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
May 2011
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011iaus..280p.399d&link_type=abstract
The Molecular Universe, Proceedings of the 280th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union held in Toledo, Spain, May 30
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
Scientific paper
Water, Methanol and Carbon dioxide constitutes nearly 90 percent of the grain mantle. Evolution of grain mantles in various interstellar environments are studied. Allowing the accretion of H, O and CO only on the grains and using the Monte Carlo method, chemical processes are studied for a few million years. Formation of multilayers on the grains are considered and the freeze-out effects of accreting O and CO are considered to mimic the exact interstellar scenario. Formation of these molecules are found to be dependent on the initial conditions as well as on the average cloud densities. Specifically, when the number density of accreting O is less than three times that of CO, methanol is always overproduced. Using the available reaction pathways it appears to be difficult to match the exact observed abundances of all three molecules simultaneously. Only in a narrow region of parameter space, all three molecules produced within the observed limits. Furthermore, incorporation of the freeze-outs of O and CO leads to an almost steady state on the grain surface. The mantle thickness grows anywhere between 60 and 500 layers in a period of two million years. In addition, a special case is considered in which the gas number density changes with time owing to the gradual collapse of the molecular cloud. From this case formation of varies species are found to be dependent upon the radius of the collapsing cloud.
Chakrabarti Sandip K.
Das Arnab
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