Other
Scientific paper
Jan 2001
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001adspr..28..651k&link_type=abstract
Advances in Space Research, Volume 28, Issue 4, p. 651-658.
Other
1
Scientific paper
The effect of spaceflight on starch development in soybean (Glycine max L., BRIC-03) and potato (Solanum tuberosum, Astroculture-05) was compared with ground controls by biophysical and biochemical measurements. Starch grains from plants from both flights were on average 20-50% smaller in diameter than ground controls. The ratio Δκ/Δρ (Δκ - difference of magnetic susceptibilities, Δρ - difference of densities between starch and water) of starch grains was ca. 15% and 4% higher for space-grown soybean cotyledons and potato tubers, respectively, than in corresponding ground controls. Since the densities of particles were similar for all samples (1.36 to 1.38 g/cm3), the observed difference in Δκ/Δρ was due to different magnetic susceptibilities and indicates modified composition of starch grains. In starch preparations from soybean cotyledons (BRIC-03) subjected to controlled enzymatic degradation with α-amylase for 24 hours, 77+/-6% of the starch from the flight cotyledons was degraded compared to 58+/-12% in ground controls. The amylose content in starch was also higher in space-grown tissues. The good correlation between the amylose content and Δκ/Δρ suggests, that the magnetic susceptibility of starch grains is related to their amylose content. Since the seedlings from the BRIC-03 experiment showed elevated post-flight ethylene levels, material from another flight experiment (GENEX) which had normal levels of ethylene was examined and showed no difference to ground controls in size distribution, density, Δκ/Δρ and amylose content. Therefore the role of ethylene appears to be more important for changes in starch metabolism than microgravity.
Brown Stephen C.
Hasenstein Karl H.
Kuznetsov Oleg A.
Levine Howard G.
Piastuch W. C.
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