Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Jan 2005
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2005exa....19..111h&link_type=abstract
Experimental Astronomy, Volume 19, Issue 1-3, pp. 111-134
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
4
Aps, Active Pixel Sensor, Ccd, Cmos, Focal Plane Array, Hgcdte, Hybrid, Image Sensor, Insb, Three-Dimensionally Stacked Circuits, Vertical Integration
Scientific paper
An entry level overview of state-of-the-art CMOS detector technology is presented. Operating principles and system architecture are explained in comparison to the well-established CCD technology, followed by a discussion of important benefits of modern CMOS-based detector arrays. A number of unique CMOS features including different shutter modes and scanning concepts are described. In addition, sub-field stitching is presented as a technique for producing very large imagers. After a brief introduction to the concept of monolithic CMOS sensors, hybrid detectors technology is introduced. A comparison of noise reduction methods for CMOS hybrids is presented. The final sections review CMOS fabrication processes for monolithic and vertically integrated image sensors.
Hoffman Antoni
Loose Markus
Suntharalingam Vyshnavi
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