CME masses measured by the HELIOS spacecraft photometers

Details CME masses measured by the HELIOS spacecraft photometers CME masses measured by the HELIOS spacecraft photometers

Jun 1995

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1995sowi.confq..97j&link_type=abstract

California Univ., San Diego, International Solar Wind 8 Conference, p. 97

Other

Solar Corona, Stellar Mass Ejection, Heliosphere, Mass Flow, Solar Activity Effects, Mass Distribution, Solar Wind Velocity, Solar Cycles, Coronagraphs, Helios Satellites, Zodiacal Light, Astronomical Photometry, Time Series Analysis, Astronomical Catalogs

Scientific paper

We have cataloged 160 CMEs detected in the HELIOS 1 and 2 90 deg zodiacal light photometers observed from 1975-1985. The HELIOS 1 and 2 spacecraft orbited from 0.3 to 1.0 AU on 6-month orbits. From the photometer observations of Thomson-scattered light in the inner heliosphere, we have determined CME masses for these events using two methods: (1) by integration over the contours drawn between the three photometers at a given time; and (2) by integration of the mass flow over time past a given photometer. The second method, not readily available using coronagraph observations, is derived from CME speeds measured by using the timing of the peak CME brightness from the 16 deg to 31 deg sets of photometers. The two different HELIOS methods of determining CME mass are consistent with one another for individual CMEs. We find that the CME mass values range from 1015g to nearly 1017g. We compare the mass distributions of HELIOS-measured CMEs with those from coronagraphs and find that CMEs measured by HELIOS over the same time interval are generally more massive. The solar cycle variation of the total CME mass present in the heliosphere varies by over a factor of approximately 15 from solar minimum to solar maximum. Slightly more massive CMEs carry the bulk of the CME mass during maximum. The total CME mass at solar maximum is found to be near 15% of the total solar wind mass.

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