Clustering of Galaxies at Redshift 4 and 5 in the Subaru Deep Fields

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Scientific paper

We study the clustering properties of about 1200 z~4 Lyman Break Galaxy (LBG) candidates with i'<26 which are selected by color from deep BRi' imaging data of a 618 arcmin^2 area in the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Field taken with Subaru Prime Focus Camera. The contamination and completeness of our LBG sample are evaluated, on the basis of the Hubble Deep Field North (HDFN) objects, to be 17% and 45%, respectively. We derive the angular correlation function over θ = 2'' - 1000'', and find that it is fitted fairly well by a power law, ω (θ)=Aω θ-0.8, with Aω = 0.71 +/- 0.26. We then calculate the correlation length r0 (in comoving units) of the two-point spatial correlation function ξ(r) = (r/r0)-1.8 from Aω using the redshift distribution of LBGs derived from the HDFN, and find r0 = 2.7 (+0.5-0.6) h-1 Mpc in a Lambda-dominated universe (Ωm = 0.3 and ΩΛ = 0.7). This is twice larger than the correlation length of the dark matter at z=4 predicted from an analytic model by Peacock & Dodds but about twice smaller than that of bright 'LBGs' predicted by a semi-analytic model of Baugh et al. We find an excess of ω(θ) on small scales (θ < 5'') departing from the power law fit over 3 sigma significance levels. Interpreting this as due to galaxy mergers, we estimate the fraction of galaxies undergoing mergers in our LBG sample to be 3.0 ± 0.9 %, which is significantly smaller than those of galaxies at intermediate redshifts.

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