Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Scientific paper
2009-09-24
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Accepted for publication in Icarus. The arguments have been greatly expanded (from v1) to address comments by the referees
Scientific paper
We explore the initial conditions for fragments in the extended regions ($r\gtrsim 50$ AU) of gravitationally unstable disks. We combine analytic estimates for the fragmentation of spiral arms with 3D SPH simulations to show that initial fragment masses are in the gas giant regime. These initial fragments will have substantial angular momentum, and should form disks with radii of a few AU. We show that clumps will survive for multiple orbits before they undergo a second, rapid collapse due to H$_2$ dissociation and that it is possible to destroy bound clumps by transporting them into the inner disk. The consequences of disrupted clumps for planet formation, dust processing, and disk evolution are discussed. We argue that it is possible to produce Earth-mass cores in the outer disk during the earliest phases of disk evolution.
Boley Aaron C.
Durisen Richard H.
Hayfield Tristen
Mayer Lucio
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