Circumstellar Disk of HL Tau Revealed by CARMA

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Scientific paper

The physical properties of circumstellar disks around T Tauri stars - the so-called proto-planetary disks as the natal place of planets - are mainly studied by millimeter/submillimeter wavelength continuum, which is sensitive to dust thermal emission. We present high angular resolution (0.13 arc-second) imaging results of the T Tauri star HL Tau in 1.3 and 2.7 mm continua using the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA). Through simultaneous model fitting to both wavelength data in Bayesian inference with the standard viscous accretion disk model, we constrained its physical properties such as density distribution, dust opacity spectral index, disk mass, disk size, inclination angle, and position angle. In addition, we found that our millimeter data prefer a thin disk model, while mid-infrared emission of HL Tau needs a thick disk model. This implies that large grains have selectively been settled down into the midplane: a stratified structure. Furthermore, we found that the outer region of the HL Tau disk, between 50 and 100 AU, appears to be gravitationally unstable. However, we did not detect any compact signal supporting a protoplanet candidate claimed by 1.3 cm continuum observations of the Very Large Array.

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