Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Mar 2003
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2003pnaoj...7....1m&link_type=abstract
Publications of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (ISSN 0915-3640), Vol. 7, No. 1, p. 1 - 24 (2003)
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
6
Chromosphere, Flash Spectra, Spicules, Total Solar Eclipse
Scientific paper
A chromosphere model for the analysis of emission lines in a flash spectrum is constructed. Emission gradients of metallic and Balmer lines in flash spectra give height distributions of the total hydrogen and the product of electron and proton density in the high chromosphere, respectively. The derived distributions imply the presence of "spicule" structure which has a filling factor of 0.05 at 4,000 km above the base of the chromosphere. They explain the averaged eclipse curves of Ca II H and K, and Hɛ line profiles observed in a 1958 flash spectrum and the Balmer and Sr II emissions observed in a 1962 flash spectrum. Their excitation and ionization seem to match the radiation field of the chromosphere. They are applied to 24 Ca II H and K spicules in the higher chromosphere observed during the 1958 eclipse. The analysis shows that they have a turbulence of 22 km/s on the average and 19 of them are thinner than 2,000 km. The Ca II H and K, and Hɛ emissions of the active region observed during the 1958 eclipse are enhanced mainly by the increase of their source functions due to an increase in their excitation temperatures.
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