Other
Scientific paper
Dec 2007
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2007dps....39.3808n&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, DPS meeting #39, #38.08; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 39, p.490
Other
Scientific paper
Several icy satellites of the outer planets show a variety of impact cratering features. The effect of impact by extraterrestrial objects into the surface is commonly related to physical changes. Most of the research applied to impacts on ices has been developed to study and understand the cratering formation process and their physical, geophysical characteristics. Chemical changes and synthesis occurring on icy planetary surfaces are generally explained by the influence of UV photons and high-energy charged particles on ices. Nonetheless, impact process onto ices could be a source of local or global endogenic process and could be especially advantageous as an efficient energy source for driving interesting chemistry. Upon impact on icy surface, the kinetic energy of the impacting body is transferred to the ground liberating a great deal of stress energy which could initiate in situ aqueous melts of the ice, hydrolysis and other chemical reactions in the fracture zone beneath the crater. Here we present a novel experimental method to study the chemistry in planetary ices induced by impact shocks. Impact shocks were simulated in laboratory using a powerful pulsed laser (Q-switched Nd-YAG laser, 1064 nm). We have irradiated at 77K icy mixtures of H2O / CO2, H2O / Na2CO3, H2O / CH3OH and finally H2O / CH3OH / (NH4)2SO4. GC-MS and FTIR analyses show that hydrogen peroxide, carbon monoxide and methanol are formed in irradiated H2O / CO2 ices. Ice containing sodium carbonate generates under simulated impact CO and CO2 which are also produced in impacted H2O / CH3OH and H2O / CH3OH / (NH4)2SO4 ices. But, in both latter icy mixtures, methane and more complex molecules are also formed. We have detected acetone, methyl formate and dimethyl formal. Adding ammonium sulfate to ice containing methanol induces the production of N2O, HCN and CH3CN.
Borucki William. J.
Cruikshank Dale P.
Ishihara Teruya
Khare Bishun N.
McKay Chris P.
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