Other
Scientific paper
Oct 1995
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1995gecoa..59.4205a&link_type=abstract
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 59, Issue 20, pp.4205-4218
Other
1
Scientific paper
In order to assess the quantitative distribution of mineral species within the sedimentary series of the Atlantis II Deep, we have examined the chemical composition, mineralogy, and physical properties of 120 sediment samples from two cores that sampled the entire sediment sequences in the West and South-West basins. Biostratigraphic correlations and chemical budget calculations indicate that the nonmetalliferous solid fractions (i.e., detrital and biogenic particles) in the older sedimentary unit (unit 1 in the West basin) represent 46% wt of the total, and that they were deposited between 23,000 and 15-12,000 years with a mass accumulation rate between 109 and 150 kg per thousand years per square metre. The muddy sediment in the upper part of the West basin core (units 2, 3, and 4) consists mainly of metalliferous particles which account for less than 15% wt of the mud, and yield a mass accumulation rate (130-162 kg/k.y./m 2 ) close to that of nonmetalliferous particles deposited simultaneously. Nonmetalliferous particles were probably the major source of Si and a significant source of Pb through dissolution in the brine system and diagenesis in the metalliferous mud. The metalliferous sediments in the upper unit of the South-West basin (unit U, 1100 cm) were deposited at the same time as those of the upper unit in the West basin (unit 4,335 cm). The calculated mass accumulation rate is about 700 kg/k.y./m 2 for unit U. The recent sediments of the South-West basin are more enriched in Zn and Cu, and more depleted in Mn relative to Fe than the contemporary sediments in the West basin, suggesting that the hydrothermal source has been in, or near, the South-West basin during the last 2,250 years. Assuming that a Salton Sea-like solution supplies all the Fe contained in the West basin metalliferous sedimentary pile, the mineralizing brine flowed at a minimum rate of 30 L/s. Except for the period of Mn-oxide deposition, the difference between the metal/Fe ratios in oxide-rich and sulphide-rich facies is attributed to changes in the chemical composition of the mineralizing fluid rather than to chemical processes acting in the brine system of the Atlantis II Deep.
Anschutz Pierre
Blanc Gérard
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