Chemical and thermal equilibrium in dark clouds

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Chemical Equilibrium, Cosmic Gases, Interstellar Chemistry, Interstellar Matter, Stellar Evolution, Thermodynamic Equilibrium, Abundance, Angular Velocity, Carbon Monoxide, Chemical Composition, Hydrogen Clouds, Magnetic Flux, Photoionization, Radiant Cooling, Radiative Heat Transfer, Steady State, Ultraviolet Radiation

Scientific paper

The theory of gravitational contraction of interstellar matter is used as the basis for a steady-state model of chemical and thermal equilibrium in dense dark clouds. Attention is given to the evolutionary path of the clouds, in which pressure gradients and electron density are the most important parameters. Interstellar abundances are considered, e.g., C, C/+/, CO, CH, OH, H2O, O2, together with formation on grains in gas phase reactions. It is noted that gas-grain collisions are relatively unimportant as a heating mechanism; heating being effected chiefly through cosmic ray ionization of H2 and the H2 formation of grains. A gas temperature of 10 K is assumed for the inner parts of the cloud, and the transfer equation of UV radiation is solved in a manner consistent with the chemical and thermal balance equations.

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