Chemical and physical diversity of hydrothermal plumes along the East Pacific Rise, 8 deg 45 min N to 11 deg 50 min N

Details Chemical and physical diversity of hydrothermal plumes along the East Pacific Rise, 8 deg 45 min N to 11 deg 50 min N Chemical and physical diversity of hydrothermal plumes along the East Pacific Rise, 8 deg 45 min N to 11 deg 50 min N

Dec 1993

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1993georl..20.2913l&link_type=abstract

Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276), vol. 20, no. 24, p. 2913-2916

Mathematics

Logic

15

Chemical Analysis, Geological Faults, Hydrothermal Systems, Ocean Bottom, Pacific Ocean, Plumes, Chemical Composition, Geochemistry, Temperature Effects, Volatility, Volcanoes

Scientific paper

We conducted a survey of water-column hydrothermal plumes along a 350-km long section of the East Pacific Rise (EPR) axis stretching from 8 deg 45 min N to 11 deg 50 min N, including the region at 9 deg 45 min-54 min N where 1991 ALVIN dives found evidence for recent seafloor volcanic eruptions. Our survey included measurements of temperature anomaly, light attenuation (suspended particles), methane, hydrogen, iron, manganese, helium, and aluminum. We detected strong light attenuation plumes in two main regions: south of the Clipperton Transform Fault (CTF) from 9 deg 27 min N to 9 deg 57 min N and north of the CTF from 11 deg 05 min N to 11 deg 35 min N. However, the plumes at these two regions had very different physical and chemical characteristics. South of the CTF, where the ridge is thought to be magmatically robust, the plumes had very high ratios of He-3/heat, methane/Mn and S/Fe. Plumes north of the CTF had much lower ratios of He-3/heat, methane/Mn, and S/Fe. These striking differences in volatile/heat and volatile/metal ratios suggest that the plumes in the vicinity of 9 deg 50 min N were derived from a young, evolving hydrothermal system, while the activity at approximately 11 deg 10 min N is from an older, stable system. This survey demonstrated that water-column plume measurements can be used not only to accurately locate regions of hydrothermal activity, but also to determine the first-order chemical and physical characteristics of the hydrothermal fluids exiting from the seafloor.

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