Chemical and isotopic investigations into the origin of clay minerals from the Galapagos hydrothermal mounds field

Details Chemical and isotopic investigations into the origin of clay minerals from the Galapagos hydrothermal mounds field Chemical and isotopic investigations into the origin of clay minerals from the Galapagos hydrothermal mounds field

Mar 1983

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1983gecoa..47..475m&link_type=abstract

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 47, Issue 3, pp.475-489

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Scientific paper

A dark green authigenic nontronite is the major component of the Galapagos hydrothermal mounds field sediments. Oxygen isotopic compositions of the chemically purified, <0.2- m fraction of the nontronitic clays indicate formation temperatures of 25° to 47°C, in contrast with measured in situ mounds temperatures of up to 15°C. Assuming an authigenic origin, the Fe-rich montmorillonite that dominates in the noncarbonate clay fraction of the surrounding pelagic ooze has isotopic formation temperatures of 27° to 39°C, compared with measured in situ temperatures of ca. 3.5° to 6.5°C. The higher isotopic formation temperatures calculated for the hydrothermal nontronite suggest either complex patterns of fluid circulation and nontronite precipitation presently within the mounds or a higher thermal history associated with rapid and episodic periods of deposition during the Holocene-Pleistocene. The apparent high isotopic temperature of the Fe-rich montmorillonite may reflect: (1) formation under hydrothermal conditions at spreading centers with subsequent dispersal by bottom currents, (2) a detrital origin of the mineral, or (3) a mixture of authigenic Fe-montmorillonite and detrital Al-montmorillonite in this region.

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