Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
May 2004
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2004agusm.v43a..02i&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Spring Meeting 2004, abstract #V43A-02
Mathematics
Logic
1094 Instruments And Techniques, 1099 General Or Miscellaneous
Scientific paper
Cadmium is a trace metal that is used as a geochemical tracer of natural processes, like biological productivity and paleoproductivity, and also of anthropogenic pollution, as Cd is known to be a toxic heavy metal that has become a major environmental and health concern. For these purposes, an outstanding issue is to determine whether Cd, like a number of metallic elements (e.g. Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo, Tl), may display variable isotopic compositions in natural and/or industrial compounds. It is known that Cd may display variable isotopic composition. Indeed, isotopic fractionation processes have been documented in some meteorites and in lunar soils. Consequently, due to its relatively low boiling point (767\deg C) and also to the large mass range covered by its isotopes (10 mass units), Cd might fractionate isotopically, for example during the outpouring of acidic volcanic magmas and/or the emplacement of granitoids. On another hand, isotopic fractionation could also occur during human activities like refuse incineration or industrial manufacturing, for instance. Finally, biologically-induced isotopic fractionation should not be ruled out, as it is clearly evidenced for other metals, like Fe. A high precision method has been developed for determining the isotopic composition of Cd by plasma source mass spectrometry (Neptune). This method holds on the standard-bracketing technique, owing to the availability of Cd solutions of known isotopic composition provided by the University of M\H{u}nster. This allows to correct precisely for mass fractionation that occurs in the plasma source mass spectrometer. It is also critical for the analysis to be possible to work with Cd solutions of very high purity. Chemical isolation of Cd involves 3 steps, and may be also suitable for Cd isotopic measurements using solid source mass spectrometry. Preliminary results suggest that Cd is likely to fractionate during smelting activities, as indicated by measurements on mining waste. The calibration of a 110Cd-116Cd double spike is underway for absolute, true isotopic ratios to be derived. The double spike technique allows the isotopic analysis of Cd using a plasma source, but also a solid source mass spectrometer, as Cd ionizes efficiently in such mass spectrometers owing to the standard silicagel technique.
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