Catching the Fast Migrators: Interactions between Gap-Opening and Sub-Gap-Opening Bodies in a Protoplanetary Disk

Details Catching the Fast Migrators: Interactions between Gap-Opening and Sub-Gap-Opening Bodies in a Protoplanetary Disk Catching the Fast Migrators: Interactions between Gap-Opening and Sub-Gap-Opening Bodies in a Protoplanetary Disk

Aug 2005

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2005jrasc..99q.132t&link_type=abstract

Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, Vol. 99, No. 4, p.132

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

Scientific paper

Young planets interact with their parent gas disk through tidal torques. An imbalance between inner and outer torques causes bodies the mass of gas-giant solid cores, ~ 10 Earth masses, to undergo orbital decay on a timescale generally shorter than their formation time ("Type I" migration). This makes the first stage of giant-planet formation problematic; however, bodies that do manage to reach gas-giant size (of order 102 Earth masses) open a gap in the disk and subsequently migrate more slowly, locked into the disk's viscous evolution ("Type II" migration). In a young planetary system, both types of bodies likely coexist. If so, differential migration will result in close encounters between them. We numerically investigate the resulting dynamics, and find, as has been previously suggested, that sub-gap-opening bodies have a high likelihood of being resonantly captured when they encounter a gap-opening body. A gas-giant planet thus tends to act as a barrier in a protoplanetary disk, stopping smaller, faster-migrating protoplanets outside of its orbit. In this way, a gas-giant planet may facilitate the formation and survival of subsequent planets -- in particular, the next gas-giant's core.

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