Capture of planetary satellites

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Capture Effect, Jupiter (Planet), Natural Satellites, Planetary Orbits, Circular Orbits, Collinearity, Energy Dissipation, Lagrangian Equilibrium Points, Orbit Calculation, Three Body Problem, Trajectory Analysis

Scientific paper

Previous treatments of the problem of planetary satellite capture are reviewed. Yegorov's (1959) calculations of satellite capture in the restricted circular three-body problem with constant masses and without energy dissipation are employed to investigate precapture and postcapture orbits of a satellite with low velocity at the colinear libration point. The actual masses and eccentricities of Jupiter and earth are used in these calculations. The results show that this type of capture within the framework of the restricted circular three-body problem leads to direct satellites with small inclinations and semimajor axes within a specific range of values. Three processes are suggested as being responsible for definitive satellite capture: (1) eventual collisions with other objects comprising a protosatellite swarm plus collisional shattering of parent bodies; (2) planetary mass increase, solar mass loss, or both; and (3) tidal energy dissipation, as claimed for the capture origin of the moon.

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