Can we be tricked into thinking that w is less than -1?

Details Can we be tricked into thinking that w is less than -1? Can we be tricked into thinking that w is less than -1?

2004-08-04

arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0408081v2

Phys.Rev.D71:023525,2005

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

20 pages, 4 figures, uses RevTeX

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevD.71.023525

Dark energy candidates for which the equation-of-state parameter w is less than -1 violate the dominant energy condition, and are typically unstable. In scalar-tensor theories of gravity, however, the expansion of the universe can mimic the behavior of general relativity with w<-1 dark energy, without violating any energy conditions. We examine whether this possibility is phenomenologically viable by studying Brans-Dicke models and characterizing both the naturalness of the models themselves, and additional observational constraints from limits on the time-dependence of Newton's constant. We find that only highly contrived models would lead observers to measure w<-1.

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