Calculating CME Velocity in Near-Real-Time Using Geometric and Polarimetric Techniques

Statistics – Applications

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

At the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center, we have been investigating two different methods for determining the location, extent, and motion of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in 3-space from STEREO coronagraph observations. Since this work is aimed at space weather applications, the emphasis is on use of beacon data, which are available in near-real-time. In addition, we primarily use COR2 observations, which has a field-of-view from 2.5 to 15R⊙ this spatial coverage allows us to observe the early temporal development of a CME, and hence calculate its velocity, even for very fast CMEs. COR2 beacon data is transmitted every 15 min, alternating between total intensity only images and full polarization sets. These data are processed in two different ways to determine CME locations. One is a simple geometric localization, which is based upon triangulation concepts and utilizes a series of lines-of-sight from two space-based observatories to localize the CME position to within a small volume. The other technique involves using the polarization data to infer the mean distance from the plane of the sky, as seen from each spacecraft. Together, these analyses enable us to pin down the locus and motion of CMEs quite accurately. We will show results from some recent examples to illustrate the capabilities.

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