Broken symmetry and coherent structure in MHD turbulence

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Scientific paper

The statistical theory of ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence is extended to cases with and without rotation, and with and without a mean magnetic field. One notable result is the discovery of a new ideal invariant, the "parallel helicity", which arises when rotation and mean magnetic field vectors are aligned. Numerical results from several long-time simulations of five general cases on a 323 grid are presented. The basic equations and statistical theory are symmetric under the parity or charge reversal transformations. However, the presence of invariant cross, magnetic or parallel helicity dynamically breaks this symmetry, because these helicities are pseudoscalars under parity or charge reversal (or both). The basic theoretical result is that ideal MHD turbulence is, in general, non-ergodic due to the decomposability of the constant energy surface in phase space. This non-ergodicity can be manifested in the appearance of coherent structure as long as magnetic or parallel helicity is invariant. The fact that MHD turbulence inherently contains coherent structure in certain general cases may have important implications for dynamo theory.

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