Brightness of Saturn's Rings with Decreasing Solar Elevation

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Scientific paper

Through the Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) on board Cassini, which has been in orbit around Saturn for almost five years, it has been possible to derive the temperature of Saturn's main rings (A, B and C) as observed from a wide variety of geometries. Early ground-based and spacecraft observations suggested that the temperature of the rings varied with the solar elevation wrt the ring plane, B'. CIRS data has confirmed this variation. Still, an unresolved issue in fully explaining this variation relates to how the ring particles are organized and whether even a simple mono-layer or multi-layer approximation describes this best. Determining the actual albedo of these particles is another open issue.
We present an analysis of the temperature variation using CIRS data that cover solar elevations from -23.5° to -2.18° at low (α ≤30°) and high (α≥120°) phase angles in particular regions of each ring with a radial extent ≤ 5000 km on their lit and unlit sides, where the observed temperature variations are near >25K, >30 K and >15 K (A, B and C rings respectively). We apply a model based on the well known Froidevaux monolayer approximation modified to take into account different phase angle values in order to explain the temperature variations of the main rings and to derive their particle albedo values.

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