Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Jan 1976
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1976newsc..69...54g&link_type=abstract
New Scientist, vol. 69, Jan. 8, 1976, p. 54-56.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
Astrophysics, Black Holes (Astronomy), Gravitational Collapse, Particle Emission, Cosmology, Gravitation Theory, Matter (Physics), Pair Production, Quantum Theory, Relativity, Stellar Evolution, X Ray Sources
Scientific paper
The first two laws of thermodynamics, the three laws of black hole mechanics, and a semiclassical formulation of gravitation theory are used to demonstrate that black holes continuously emit particles just as ordinary bodies having a certain temperature. Hawking's work on particle-pair creation by black holes is reviewed, the properties of 'mini black holes' are discussed, and it is noted that the temperature of a black hole is inversely proportional to its mass. Exact formulas are given for the entropy of a black hole and for the temperature of a nonrotating black hole. It is shown that all black holes will eventually vanish in a puff of X and gamma radiation and that the smaller a black hole is, the hotter it becomes and the more it radiates. Application of these results to the development of a fully quantized theory of gravity and to cosmological event horizons caused by the expansion of the universe are briefly discussed.
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