Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Nov 1976
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1976a%26a....52..427c&link_type=abstract
Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 52, no. 3, Nov. 1976, p. 427-438. Research supported by the National Research Council of Canad
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
24
Adiabatic Flow, Black Holes (Astronomy), Equations Of State, Ideal Fluids, Particle Emission, Relativity, Black Body Radiation, Cosmic Rays, Cosmology, Luminous Intensity, Opacity, Schwarzschild Metric
Scientific paper
Particle emission by small black holes in the ultrahigh-temperature limit is investigated. Black-hole emission and accretion processes are analyzed by assuming that high-temperature matter is an adiabatic perfect fluid in local thermal equilibrium at a given temperature, with the energy density and pressure determined as functions of the conserved entropy density. The rate of accretion onto a classical black hole embedded in a background medium of thermal-equilibrium matter with an asymptotic temperature at large distances equal to the black-hole temperature is calculated along with the form of the emission flow from the black hole into an asymptotically empty background, assuming that the total rate of energy output has the same value as the rate of energy inflow in the accretion process. An attempt is made to estimate when and where the matter will be sufficiently opaque for the fluid treatment to be valid. The total luminosity is estimated for the cases of standard, hard, and Hagedorn-type (1965) equations of state. Consideration is given to the observable consequences that would ensue if primordial fluctuations led to the formation of a cosmological number-density distribution of black holes in an initial mass range given by a specific formula.
Carter Brandon
Gibbons Gary W.
Lin Doug N. C.
Perry Malcolm J.
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