Biological marker distribution and significance in oils and rocks of the Monterey Formation, California

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

The biological marker distributions of several oils, core extracts and solid bitumens of the Monterey Formation of California have been studied. Sterane, terpane and monoaromatic steroid hydrocarbons were analyzed in samples from the San Joaquin, Los Angeles, Ventura and Santa Maria Basins. The sterane patterns of both oils and extracts are characterized by 1. (a) low relative concentrations of diasteranes, 2. (b) low 20S/20R-5 ,14 ,17 -ethylcholestane ratios, 3. (c) relatively high concentrations of cholestane ( vs . methyl- and ethylcholestane) isomers. San Joaquin Basin samples contain significant amounts of the 5 isomer, which is generally absent in samples from other basins. The carbon number distribution of 5 ,14 ,17 ,20R steranes is similar for all oils, regardless of API gravity, depth or basin location, and is suggestive of open marine depositional conditions for the source material involved. 17 (H),l8 (H),21 (H)-28,30-Bisnorhopane is present in almost all samples. Certain San Joaquin Basin oils and extracts contain 1. (a) a series of 25-nor hopanes, including 25,28,30-trisnorhopane, 2. (b) a distinctive monoaromatic steroid hydrocarbon distribution, 3. (c) an aliphatic hydrocarbon fraction devoid of n -paraffins. Biological marker characteristics suggest that the Monterey oils examined originated early in the maturational sequence, from elastics-poor source material. API gravities of the Monterey Formation oils examined vary monotonically with 1. (a) bisnorhopane/hopane ratios, 2. (b) aromatized/regular sterane ratios and 3. (c) the concentration of monoaromatized steranes relative to terpanes and regular steranes. These oil gravity correlations exist regardless of sample depth or basin location.

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