Ballooning instability in the near-Earth plasma sheet: Simulations and Observations

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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2752 Mhd Waves And Instabilities (2149, 6050, 7836), 2753 Numerical Modeling, 2760 Plasma Convection (2463), 2764 Plasma Sheet, 2790 Substorms

Scientific paper

In the ionosphere, substorm expansive phase onset begins with the sudden brightening of a pre-existing or new auroral arc. Observational evidence proves that in many cases this arc is on field lines that thread the transition region between dipolar field lines. The objective of this study is to examine the hypothesis that the ballooning instability triggers these substorms. We present the results of direct numerical simulations of the ballooning instability development in the near-Earth plasma sheet mapped onto a high-resolution 3D computational grid. The simulations capture the evolution of the ballooning instability in numerically obtained tail equilibrium configurations calibrated with observational satellite data. We also discuss the implementation details of the numerical schemes used and significant challenges related to the boundary conditions and treatment of the curvilinear magnetic field topology.

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