Averages over classical compact Lie groups and Weyl characters

Details Averages over classical compact Lie groups and Weyl characters Averages over classical compact Lie groups and Weyl characters

2005-04-20

arxiv.org/abs/math/0504399v2

J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 114 (2007), no. 7, 1278-1292

Mathematics

Representation Theory

18 pages, slightly changed a definition in the odd orthogonal case, updated the references, version submitted for publication

Scientific paper

We compute $E_G (\prod_i \tr(g^{\lambda_i}))$, where $G=Sp(2n)$ or $SO(m) (m=2n, 2n+1)$ with Haar measure. This was first obtained by Persi Diaconis and Mehrdad Shahshahani, but our proof is more self-contained and gives a combinatorial description for the answer. We also consider how averages of general symmetric functions $E_G f_n$ are affected when we introduce a Weyl character $\chi^G_\lambda$ into the integrand. We show that the value of $E_G \chi^G_\lambda f_n / E_G f_n$ approaches a constant for large $n$. More surprisingly, the ratio we obtain only changes with $f_n$ and $\lambda$ and is independent of the Cartan type of $G$. Even in the unitary case, Daniel Bump and Persi Diaconis have obtained the same ratio. Finally, those ratios can be combined with asymptotics for $E_G f_n$ due to Kurt Johansson and provide asymptotics for $E_G \chi^G_\lambda f_n$.

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