Aurora Boundaries Quantified by Geomagnetic Index

Computer Science – Performance

Scientific paper

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2407 Auroral Ionosphere (2704), 2704 Auroral Phenomena (2407), 0310 Airglow And Aurora

Scientific paper

Various operational systems require information on the location and intensity of the aurora. A statistical model of the aurora is given using global images from the Ultraviolet Imager (UVI) on the Polar satellite. The equatorward (EQ), poleward (PO) and peak (PK) boundaries of the auroral oval are determined. using UVI images averaged into 1° x1° spatial bins according to common geomagnetic indices such as Kp, AE, AL, and PCI. From these bin-averaged images, latitude intensity profiles at 1 hour MLT intervals are constructed by interpolation. A background is subtracted for each profile, and the EQ, PO, and PK boundary latitudes are found from the corrected profile. (The PK boundary is the maximum, and the EQ and PO boundaries are threshold locations of fixed irradiances such as 1, 2, or 4 photons/cm2s.) Several months of images during the winter and summer of 1997 were used to statistically quantify the boundaries at various levels of geomagnetic activity given by the several indices. As expected, the higher the level of activity, the wider and more expanded the oval. More importantly, the boundaries are functionally related to the indices at any local time. These functional relations can then be used to determine the auroral location at any level of geomagnetic activity given by the indices. Thus, given a level of geomagnetic activity, one can find the boundaries of the oval as defined on the basis of intensity. By monitoring the relevant geomagnetic index, an operational system can then easily compute the expected oval location and judge its impact on performance. The optimum indices that best define the oval will be discussed.

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