Atomic and molecular line observations of galaxies

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Astronomical Interferometry, Atomic Spectra, Galaxies, Interstellar Matter, Line Spectra, Molecular Spectra, Spectral Emission, Atomic Energy Levels, Carbon Monoxide, Fine Structure, Infrared Spectra, Molecular Energy Levels, Spectrometers, Starburst Galaxies, Submillimeter Waves, Telescopes

Scientific paper

The study of the molecular interstellar medium in galaxies is discussed. This study used to be based on the observation of the ubiquitous CO emission at millimeter wavelengths. With the advent of large millimeter and submillimeter wave telescopes, molecular species much less abundant than CO such as HCN and the ion HCO(+) whose excitation requirements are more stringent than those of CO have been used to probe regions of high densities and temperatures in the vicinity of galactic nuclei. Images of molecular emission from galaxies observed with the IRAM interferometer have shown that the nuclear regions of starburst galaxies consist of individual clumps of the size of giant molecular clouds observed in the center of our Galaxy. Spectrometers on board the ISO satellite will give an opportunity of observing far infrared atomic fine structure and molecular lines in a large number of galaxies. The observations of parent molecules together with their photodissociation products in a wide spectral band will provide severe constraints to models of physico-chemistry.

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