Atmospheric Gravity Waves as a Source of Anomalous Refraction Observed in High Precision Astrometry

Details Atmospheric Gravity Waves as a Source of Anomalous Refraction Observed in High Precision Astrometry Atmospheric Gravity Waves as a Source of Anomalous Refraction Observed in High Precision Astrometry

Dec 2006

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006aas...209.9904t&link_type=abstract

2007 AAS/AAPT Joint Meeting, American Astronomical Society Meeting 209, #99.04; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, V

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

Scientific paper

A century ago, astronomers using transit telescopes to determine precise stellar positions were hampered by an unexplained periodic shifting of the stars they were observing. With the advent of CCD transit telescopes in the past two decades, this unexplained motion, now known as 'anomalous refraction', is again being observed.
Anomalous refraction is described as a low frequency, large angular scale motion of the entire image plane with respect to the celestial coordinate system as observed and defined by previous astrometric catalogs. These motions of typically several tenths of an arcsecond with timescales on the order of 10 minutes have been attributed to the effect of atmospheric gravity waves. A comprehensive research campaign to systematically investigate the effect of atmospheric gravity waves on high-precision astrometry through anomalous refraction is proposed. This includes theoretical modeling of atmospheric gravity waves to predict their refractive effects, analysis of preexisting astrometric data from several sources, including the original CCD/Transit Instrument (CTI) and the Sloan digital Sky Survey (SDSS), and simultaneous astrometric and atmospheric measurements to observe the direct atmospheric wave anomalous refraction correlation. Preliminary research shows that atmospheric gravity waves are a plausible cause of anomalous refraction with the largest effects resulting from waves in the lowest levels of the atmosphere.

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