Atmospheric Dynamics at the Phoenix Landing site as seen by the Surface Stereo Imager

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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0305 Aerosols And Particles (0345, 4801, 4906), 0360 Radiation: Transmission And Scattering, 5462 Polar Regions, 5464 Remote Sensing

Scientific paper

The Surface Stereo Imager has been used to observe the sky at the Phoenix Landing Site in Green Valley, Mars over the course of the primary and extended mission. Over this time period blowing dust aloft and clouds near the horizon have been observed. These subtle features are apparent due to the high signal to noise ratio of the camera which allows for the removal of a mean frame from multiple images captured in rapid succession and the ability to conduct simultaneous capture through different filters in each camera eye. The velocity of the features observed near the zenith is not directly inferred by this method due to a lack of information about the height of the features (other then that they are far beyond the camera cross-over point). However, the direction can typically be extracted, except in cases where features do not track from frame to frame due to high winds aloft. This direction varies mainly by time of day and is consistent with the near surface winds as measured by the Wind Telltale, located on the meteorological mast. As for the horizon data set, features remain subtle until trains of cloud-like features become visible between sols 65 and 75 and remain a daily feature. However, these are not the only features revealed as structure within the blowing dust is visible in nearly all data sets processed to date. Examples of both types of features will be presented and discussed. In addition to these data sets aloft, the rate of accumulation of air-fall dust over the course of the mission can also be determined based on observations of the Wind Telltale mirror. To date, nearly 3000 observations of this reflective surface have been taken in many lighting conditions throughout the day, as well as in shadow. These show varying degrees of dust and frost accumulation. As such, we will report on a high-temporal resolution data set derived from photometric calculations of the mirror.

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