Other
Scientific paper
Dec 2008
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008agufm.u34b..07p&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2008, abstract #U34B-07
Other
0325 Evolution Of The Atmosphere (1610, 8125), 6295 Venus
Scientific paper
The term "anti-greenhouse effect" refers to the ability of an atmosphere to cool the surface of a planet under circumstances when a sufficient proportion of the incident shortwave radiation is absorbed in the upper atmosphere and re-radiated there as infrared. It is a well-known factor in the effect of Titan's haze clouds on surface temperature. Grey-gas models show that in a particularly extreme form, the anti-greenhouse effect can lead to a deep isothermal layer which can be as cold as the skin temperature. If this happened in a dense CO2 atmosphere, it could lead to atmospheric collapse and the formation of a CO2 ocean. In some sense, our own Venus is not far from this threshold, since the deep convective layer is maintained by a relatively small trickle of solar radiation reaching the surface. Many near-habitable planets of the Super-Earth class have been discovered orbiting M-dwarf stars. These cool stars have a higher proportion of their output in the near-infrared, and therefore are subject to an enhanced anti-greenhouse due to strong absorption of incident radiation by CO2 and water vapor. The effect is quantified using a real-gas radiation model, and the prospects for atmospheric collapse for planets orbiting such stars is discussed. The calculations also have implications for the runaway greenhouse threshold in M-dwarf systems, and these implications will also be discussed.
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