Astrometry of Neutron Stars: the Gamma-ray Connection

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Neutron stars are laboratories for some of the most extreme physics in the Universe, and recent results from Fermi are probing the energetics and high energy emission mechanisms of these objects in unprecedented ways. Accurate distances to these neutron stars enable estimates of their absolute luminosities and energy budgets, and allow us to compare their emission across different wavebands. Very long baseline interferometry, in particular with the Very Long Baseline Array (and the Long Baseline Array in the Southern hemisphere), is now capable of providing model-independent estimates of the distances and velocities of radio pulsars from measurements of proper motion and trigonometric parallax. Along with implications for high energy emission mechanisms and neutron star cooling models, for example, sub-milliarcsecond astrometry can be exploited to locate neutron star birth sites, establish reference frame ties, model the Galactic electron density distribution, and constrain the astrophysics of supernova explosions. Here I review some recent results and future prospects of high-precision neutron star astrometry and its relevance to high energy astrophysics in the age of Fermi.

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