Assessing global snow water equivalent estimates from space using AMSR-E satellite- based observations: are we any closer to characterizing northern hemisphere seasonal snow accumulation?

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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0736 Snow (1827, 1863), 0758 Remote Sensing, 0772 Distribution

Scientific paper

For nearly 30 years, satellite passive microwave instruments have been used to observe the Earth's surface with an aim of gaining insight into the water mass and energy status of the planet. Snow accumulation is one of the most seasonally-dynamic hydrologic water stores and its accurate assessment is critical for effective water resource management and for assessing the nature of changes to water cycle dynamics. Yet, satellite passive microwave observations still struggle to accurately quantify this important global water stock. A fundamental question that continues to drive research in this field is "to what extent can we use passive microwave observations to estimate seasonal snow accumulation, particularly snow water equivalent?". To answer this question, two key elements need to be considered: first, what independent data are appropriate to test satellite passive microwave estimates, and second, what are the most promising passive microwave algorithm approaches for estimating global SWE? Both of these elements require an understanding of the process-scale spatial variability of SWE, which is often terrain-dependent, and a cognizance of the microwave emission properties of snow. In this paper the efficacy of selected historical and state-of-the-art algorithms applied to Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - EOS observations is assessed for northern hemisphere winter seasons during the 2002-2008 period. They are tested using several common field data sets acquired between 2002-2008 and illustrate the relative merits of each approach. The assessment is also used to determine whether we are any closer to characterizing northern hemisphere SWE from passive microwave observations.

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