Aqueous Alteration on Ordinary Chondrite Parent Bodies- The Oxygen Isotopic Composition of Water.O

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It has become increasingly apparent that aqueous alteration has been a major process on meteorite parent bodies. Understanding the details of such processes can be greatly improved by a knowledge of the isotopic composition of water taking part in aqueous alteration. Studies of the unequilibrated ordinary chondrites (1, 2) have identified the presence of phyllosilicates which necessarily require reaction with water in some form. Using the technique of (3) we have measured the oxygen isotopic composition of water extracted from Semarkona and Bishunpur from room temp to 900^oC. Water release profiles generally define large low temperature peaks that tail off to about 800^oC, with smaller releases superimposed. This is consistent with the main hydrated mineral present being a smectite but with contributions from other hydrated phases. Isotopic compositions at different temperatures allow identification of water originating from distinct reservoirs within the samples, including both terrestrial and extraterrestrial sources. That at low temperatures is dominated by terrestrial water while that released at high temperatures contains a large proportion indigenous to the meteorite. In Semarkona the highest temperature releases originating from O-H structural groups within hydrated minerals possesses a positive Δ17O of ˜+2.4 ppm, in excess of twice that measured in the silicate phases of these meteorites and greater than that measured in any carbonaceous chondrites. These results suggest that during reaction with solid phases water, originally with a Δ17O value equal to or in excess that measured in magnetites ˜+6 ppm (4), must have evolved to lower values after magnetite formation. However, the final water composition, represented by the structural O-H groups, did not achieve isotopic equilibrium with the surrounding phases. Refs: [1] Hutchison R. et al. (1987) GCA 51, 1875-1882. [2] Alexander C. M. O'D. et al. (1989) EPSL 95, 187-207. [3] Baker L. et al. (2002) Anal Chem. 74, 1665-1773. [4] Choi B. G et al. (1998) Nature. 392, 577-579.

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