Application of the exact image theory to studies of ground effects of space weather

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Electromagnetic Induction, Electromagnetic Methods, Geomagnetically Induced Currents, Gic, Image Principle, Space Weather

Scientific paper

An application of the electromagnetic exact image theory (EIT) for the calculation of electric and magnetic fields at the Earth's surface produced by an ionospheric line current with a non-zero divergence is presented. The complete EIT requires a large amount of computation, which can be reduced by using the two low-frequency approximations proposed here. Some examples are shown, with exact reference data obtained by using the Fast Hankel Transform for numerical computations. Limitations of the presented EIT method are discussed, e.g. the loss of accuracy of the other approximation at lower frequencies and the error in the horizontal electric field strength value. The EIT-based approximation is related to the well-known Wait's complex image method (CIM), but can be applied to currents with non-zero divergence, too, as demonstrated in this paper.

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