Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Nov 2001
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2001dps....33.3705b&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, DPS Meeting #33, #37.05; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 33, p.1106
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
1
Scientific paper
We provide evidence that many to most of Europa's small (less than 1 km diameter) craters are secondary craters. There is a strong tendency for small craters to appear in clusters. In one well-imaged case, the small craters are associated with crater rays from one of the few large impact craters. Previously (Bierhaus et al. 2001, LPSC, abstract # 1967) we have investigated the gross characteristics of the small (less than 1 km diameter) crater distribution on Europa; e.g., in most places the spatial distribution of small craters is more, sometimes much more, clustered than would be expected if these craters were made by random, primary impacts. Here we describe quantitatively how many small craters actually appear in clusters, and thus what percentage of small craters are actually secondaries. We use several different clustering-analysis techniques, some of which were used to successfully identify asteroid families (Zappala et al. 1995, Icarus, 116, p. 291). We compare the results of the methods to determine whether the clusters are robust. We note which clusters are identified by each of the methods, and how strongly defined the clusters are in each. We also track the spatial distribution of the craters not associated with clusters to determine when, if ever, their spatial distribution approaches the randomness expected for primary impact craters.
Bierhaus Edward B.
Chapman Clark R.
Merline William Jon
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