Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Sep 1964
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1964apsi.conf..209m&link_type=abstract
1964 Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. Volume: 2, p. 209-212
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
Scientific paper
The gain, half power beam width (HPBIV), and average values of the sidelobe attenuation of large antennas have been measured using radioastronomical techniques. Figure 1 shows an arrangement of antenna, radiometer, and temperature calibration system which has been used for antenna measurements. The radiometer is a total power receiver. The radiation power collected by the antenna is amplified together with the receiver noise power, rectified and smoothed in a low-pass filter, The noise voltage is then partly compensated with a battery voltage and the difference voltage is recorded. A recorder deflection can be converted in an antenna temperature using the calibration mark, which is derived from a noise source and coupled to the receiver input with a directional coupler. The mark itself is calibrated using hot and cold loads. Between directional coupler and antenna is a remotely controlled switch which connects the receiver input either to the antenna or to a cooled load This system allows the measurement of antenna temperature differences as well as of the absolute value of an antenna temperature. In the temperature range 5°K ≤ T[A] ≤ 300°k an accuracy of ± 1°K can be obtained.
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