Anorthosites: A graduated series

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Anorthosites are found in diverse environments: some occur as bands in gneiss, while at the other extreme they are found as cumulate layers that developed in high-level sub-volcanic magma chambers. They have recently been discovered on the moon. The structures, textures and composition of terrestrial anorthosites show that they form a gradational series without distinct natural hiatuses. The structure and form of many of these bodies is best understood if their evolution is considered in relation to the relative pliability of the country rocks into which they were emplaced. Anorthosites are believed to be produced by two main mechanisms that are similar, but operate on different scales within the crust. In the continental crust an irregular anorthosite layer is believed to be evolving with the upward movement of granitic materials and the downward migration of mafics; while at higher crustal levels local igneous differentiation, which can be regarded as a scaled-down and speeded-up model of the larger global differentiation process, is at work forming anorthosites in smaller igneous complexes.

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