Anomalously low solar extreme-ultraviolet irradiance and thermospheric density during solar minimum

Details Anomalously low solar extreme-ultraviolet irradiance and thermospheric density during solar minimum Anomalously low solar extreme-ultraviolet irradiance and thermospheric density during solar minimum

Aug 2010

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2010georl..3716103s&link_type=abstract

Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 37, Issue 16, CiteID L16103

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

34

Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy: Solar Irradiance, Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Thermosphere: Composition And Chemistry, Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Thermosphere: Energy Deposition (3369), Global Change: Solar Variability (7537), Solar Physics, Astrophysics, And Astronomy: Solar Activity Cycle (2162)

Scientific paper

Solar activity during 2007-2009 was very low, and during this protracted solar minimum period, the terrestrial thermosphere was cooler and lower in density than expected. Measurements from instruments on the SOHO and TIMED spacecraft, and by suborbital rocket flights, indicate that solar extreme-ultraviolet irradiance levels were lower than they were during the previous solar minimum. Analysis of atmospheric drag on satellite orbits indicate that the thermosphere was lower in density, and therefore cooler, and than at any time since the beginning of the space age. However, secular change due to increasing levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, which cool the upper atmosphere, also plays a role in thermospheric climate. Simulations by the NCAR Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Electrodynamics General Circulation Model are compared to thermospheric density measurements, yielding evidence that the primary cause of the low thermospheric density was the unusually low level of solar extreme-ultraviolet irradiance.

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