An Heliocentric Telecommunication Data Relay Satellite (HTDRS) Network for deep space missions

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Scientific paper

All interplanetary missions have two common problems which constrain a lot the spacecrafts : telecommunications data rates and volumes, orbit knowledge. In the following decade numerous exciting missions will be launched towards Mars (2 rovers in 2003 and one Mars Express Orbiter, an Orbiter in 2005, 2 orbiters and one Lander in 2007, ...) and towards other planets (Europa, Pluto, ...). These numerous missions will overload the Deep Space Network, making it difficult to perform telecommunications and orbit determination. In particular the Mars missions like Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter demand a tremendous amount of telemetry (Gbytes per day). Some other like the Mars Sample Return mission demands a high accuracy on orbit determination to target the arrival conditions to the planets (Landers or aerocapture Orbiters). Given this, we will propose in this paper to establish an heliocentric telecommunication relay satellites constellation, which would help to solve these problems. We will show, in the frame of Mars missions, what could be such a constellation, its telecommunications capacity as well as its possible use to perform VLBI thus increasing highly the orbit knowledge. In addition we will propose a way to position them around the Sun and finally see what could be its use for other Deep Space missions.

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