Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Scientific paper
2002-05-01
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
5 pages REVTEX4
Scientific paper
By allowing for non zero vacuum expectation values for some of the fields that appear in the Hamiltonian constraint of canonical general relativity a time variable, with usual properties, can be identified; the constraint plays the role of the ordinary Hamiltonian. The energy eigenvalues contribute to the variation of the scale parameter similarly to the way matter density does. For a universe described by a superposition of eigenstates or by a thermodynamic ensemble the dominant contribution comes from energy, or equivalently effective matter density, of the same order as the vacuum energy (cosmological constant). This may explain the observed ``coincidence'' of these two values.
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